FOR FURTHER READINGS:

Afary, Janet, “Feminism and the Challenge of Muslim Fundmentalism,” in Spoils of War: Women of color, cultures and revolutions.  Rowman and Littlefield, 1997, pp. 83-100. 

Bodman, Herbert and Nayereh Tohidi, Women in Muslim Societies: diversity within unity.  Boulder: Lynne Reinner 1998.

Bowen, Donna Lee, “Abortion, Islam and the 1994 Cairo Population Conference,” in International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 29, no. 2, 161-184.

Burton, Antoinette, Burdens of History: British Feminists, Indian Women and Imperial Culture 1865-1915.  University of North Carolina Press 1994.

El Saadawi, Nawal, The Hidden Face of Eve: Women in the Arab World.  Boston: Beacon Press 1980. 

El Guindi, Fadwa, Veil: Modesty, Privacy and Resistance.  Berg Publishers, 1999. An anthropology of Islamic veiling. 

Faith and Freedom: Women’s Human Rights in the Muslim World.  Editor: Mahnaz Afkami.  Syracuse University Press, 1995.

Hatem, Mervat, “Modernization, the State, and the Family in Middle East Women’s Studies,” in Social History of Women and Gender in the Modern Middle East, editors Margaret Meriwether and Judith Tucker.  Westview, 1999.  Pp. 63-87.

Jawad, Haifaa, The Rights of Women in Islam: an authentic approach.  MacMillan Press, 1998. 

Kandiyoti, Deniz, “Contemporary Feminist Scholarship and Middle East Studies,” in Gendering the Middle East: Emerging Perspectives, editor Deniz Kandiyoti.  Syracuse University Press, 1996.

Lerner, Gerda, The Creation of Patriarchy. [Volume I of the two volume series Women and History]. Oxford University Press 1986.

Mernissi, Fatima, Beyond the Veil: Male-Female Dynamics in Modern Muslim Society.  Indiana University Press. Revised edition, 1985.

Mernissi, Fatima, The Veil and the Male Elite: a feminist interpretation of women’s rights in Islam.  Addison-Wesley, 1991.  .